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Home > Fabric Types & Definitions

Fabric Types & Definitions

  • Aba

    - garment of camel or goat hair; camel or goat-hair fabric

  • Aerophane

    - thin crinkled semi-transparent fabric

  • Alepine

    - mixed wool and silk or mohair and cotton fabric

  • Alpaca

    - fine wool made from alpaca hair

  • Angora

    - silk-like fabric made from wool of angora goats

  • Ardass

    - fine silk

  • Armure

    - twilled woollen or silk fabric

  • Arrasene

    - embroidery fabric of wool and silk

  • Atlas

    - rich satin fabric

  • Baft

    - cheap coarse cotton fabric

  • Bagging

    - coarse fabric for making bags or sacks

  • Baize

    - coarse napped cotton or wool fabric

  • Balbriggan

    - knitted cotton fabric

  • Baldachin

    - rich embroidered silk and gold fabric

  • Balzarine

    - light cotton dress material

  • Barathea

    - pebbly silk or worsted fabric with broken rib weave

  • Barege

    - gauzy fabric of silk, cotton, wool, or worsted

  • Barracan

    - fine silk cloth

  • Barras

    - coarse linen fabric

  • Barrateen

    - some kind of fabric

  • Batiste

    - fine soft sheer fabric of plain weave

  • Bayadere

    - fabric with horizontal stripes in strongly contrasting colours

  • Beaupers

    - linen fabric used for flags

  • Bengaline

    - crosswise ribbed fabric

  • Bombazine

    - twilled silk and worsted fabric

  • Borato

    - thin fabric

  • Bouclé

    - fabric of uneven looped yarn

  • Brilliantine

    - light lustrous cotton and worsted fabric

  • Broadcloth

    - dense twilled wool or worsted fabric

  • Brocade

    - rich silk fabric with raised patterns

  • Buckram

    - stiff-finished cotton or linen used for linings of garments

  • Bump

    - coarse cotton fabric

  • Bunting

    - light loosely woven fabric used for flags

  • Burdet

    - cotton fabric

  • Burlap

    - coarse plain-woven jute or hemp fabric

  • Burnet

    - dark brown; dark woollen cloth

  • Burrel

    - coarse russet cloth

  • Calamanco

    - satin twilled woollen fabric

  • Calico

    - plain white cotton

  • Camaca

    - fine silk fabric

  • Cambresine

    - fine linen fabric

  • Cambric

    - fine thin white cotton or linen fabric

  • Camlet

    - strong waterproof silk or wool fabric

  • Caneva

    - fancy woollen fabric made to resemble canvas

  • Canque

    - Chinese cotton fabric

  • Cashmere

    - soft twilled fabric made of fine goat's wool

  • Cashmerette

    - soft imitation of cashmere

  • Cassimere

    - closely woven twilled cloth of fine wool

  • Cendal

    - silk fabric resembling taffeta

  • Challis

    - soft lightweight silk, wool or cotton fabric

  • Chambray

    - lightweight fabric with coloured warp and white filling

  • Chamois

    - cotton fabric made in imitation of chamois leather

  • Charmante

    - silk fabric with a crepe back

  • Charmeuse

    - soft and satiny silk fabric

  • Chenille

    - velvety silk, wool or cotton fabric with protruding pile

  • Cheviot

    - coarse heavy plain or twilled wool or worsted

  • Chiffon

    - sheer silk fabric

  • Chino

    - strong twilled cotton cloth

  • Chintz

    - glazed printed cotton fabric

  • Cire

    - fabric with a glazed finish

  • Cloque

    - fabric with an embossed design

  • Coburg

    - thin single-twilled worsted fabric with cotton or silk

  • Cordovan

    - soft goatskin leather

  • Corduroy

    - durable cotton piled fabric with vertical ribs

  • Crash

    - coarse drapery and towelling fabric

  • Crepe

    - light crinkled fabric

  • Crepon

    - heavy crepe fabric with lengthwise crinkles

  • Cretonne

    - heavy cotton or linen cloth

  • Crin

    - horsehair fabric

  • Crinoline

    - stiff flax or cotton fabric

  • Cubica

    - fine unglazed fabric resembling shalloon

  • Cypress

    - silk or cotton gauze fabric, usually black

  • Damask

    - fine lustrous fabric with flat patterns and a satin weave

  • Delaine

    - light fabric of wool or mixed wool and cotton

  • Denim

    - firm and durable twilled cotton

  • Dimity

    - sheer and stout white cotton

  • Domett

    - plain cotton-wool blend

  • Dornick

    - stout linen

  • Dowlas

    - coarse linen

  • Drabbet

    - coarse linen

  • Drap-de-berry

    - old woollen cloth

  • Dreadnought

    - heavy woollen cloth

  • Drill

    - durable twilled cotton

  • Droguet

    - ribbed woollen dress fabric

  • Drugget

    - coarse durable wool fabric

  • Ducape

    - plain-woven stout silk fabric

  • Duck

    - durable closely woven cotton fabric

  • Duffel

    - fabric of thick, low-quality woolen cloth

  • Dungaree

    - heavy coarse durable twilled cotton, usually coloured

  • Dupion

    - coarse silk

  • Duroy

    - coarse woollen

  • Duvetyn

    - smooth lustrous velvety fabric

  • Ecarlate

    - fine woollen cloth, usually dyed scarlet

  • Éolienne

    - fine silk and wool

  • Etamine

    - light open-mesh cotton or worsted

  • Eyelet

    - small hole in fabric to allow passage of a cord; cotton fabric with small holes

  • Faille

    - shiny closely woven silk, cotton or rayon fabric

  • Farandine

    - silk and wool cloth

  • Filoselle

    - coarse floss silk

  • Flannel

    - light woollen fabric

  • Foulard

    - soft lightweight plain-woven or twilled silk fabric

  • Foulé

    - light woollen fulled cloth

  • Frieze

    - rough heavy woollen cloth

  • Fuji

    - plain spun silk fabric

  • Fustian

    - coarse twilled cotton

  • Gabardine

    - closely woven cotton or wool twill

  • Galatea

    - striped cotton

  • Gambroon

    - twilled worsted and cloth

  • Gazar

    - silk organza fabric

  • Genappe

    - smooth worsted yarn

  • Georgette

    - thin silk

  • Gingham

    - striped cotton cloth

  • Grenadine

    - thin silk

  • Grogram

    - coarse loosely woven silk fabric

  • Grosgrain

    - heavy close-woven corded silk

  • Gulix

    - kind of fine linen

  • Harn

    - coarse linen

  • Herringbone

    - twilled fabric woven in rows of parallel sloping lines

  • Hodden

    - coarse undyed woollen cloth

  • Holland

    - coarse plain-woven cotton or linen

  • Hopsack

    - rough-surfaced loose fabric

  • Houndstooth

    - fabric with an irregular checked pattern

  • Huckaback

    - absorbent cotton or linen used for towels

  • Jaconet

    - stout cotton cloth

  • Jacquard

    - intricately-woven variegated fabric; loom for making jacquard

  • Jaspe

    - cotton or rayon cloth with shaded effect

  • Jean

    - durable twilled cotton material

  • Jersey

    - plain weft-knitted fabric of wool, cotton, nylon or silk

  • Kalamkari

    - fabric coloured by repeated dyeing

  • Kelt

    - coarse fabric made of black and white wool

  • Kente

    - hand-woven African silk fabric

  • Kersey

    - coarse woollen cloth

  • Kerseymere

    - twilled fine wool

  • Khaddar

    - homespun cotton cloth

  • Kincob

    - embroidered silk with gold and silver threads

  • Lamé

    - fabric in which metallic threads are interwoven

  • Lasting

    - sturdy cotton or worsted cloth

  • Lawn

    - fine sheer plain-woven cotton or linen

  • Leno

    - open-woven fabric

  • Linsey

    - coarse linen and wool blend

  • Linsey-woolsey

    - thin coarse fabric of wool and linen

  • Lockram

    - coarse linen

  • Loden

    - heavy waterproof woollen fabric

  • Lustring

    - glossy silk

  • Lutestring

    - plain glossy silk

  • Mackinaw

    - heavy napped and felted wool cloth

  • Mackintosh

    - lightweight rubberized waterproof cotton

  • Madapollam

    - fine cotton cloth

  • Madras

    - fine plain-woven cotton or silk

  • Marabout

    - thin downy silk

  • Marcella

    - cotton or linen in twill weave

  • Marocain

    - ribbed crepe fabric

  • Marquisette

    - sheer meshed cloth

  • Matelassé

    - having a quilted ornamentation; fabric with raised pattern as if quilted

  • Melton

    - strong and smooth heavy woollen cloth

  • Merino

    - soft wool of the merino sheep; any soft merino-like wool or wool and cotton cloth

  • Messaline

    - soft lightweight silk with a satin weave

  • Mockado

    - inferior quality woollen fabric

  • Mogadore

    - ribbed silk used in making neckties

  • Mohair

    - fabric made from silky hair of angora goats

  • Moire

    - watered silk

  • Moleskin

    - heavy durable cotton

  • Moreen

    - stout corded wool or cotton

  • Mousseline

    - fine sheer fabric

  • Mull

    - soft fine sheer cotton or silk fabric

  • Muslin

    - plain-woven fine cotton

  • Musterdevillers

    - archaic mixed grey woollen cloth

  • Nainsook

    - fine cotton fabric

  • Nankeen

    - buff-coloured; durable buff-coloured cotton

  • Needlecord

    - thinly ribbed cotton

  • Ninon

    - silk voile or other thin fabric

  • Organdie

    - fine translucent cotton

  • Organza

    - transparent thin silk or nylon

  • Orleans

    - interwoven cotton and worsted

  • Osnaburg

    - coarse linen or cotton

  • Ottoman

    - heavy clothing fabric with crosswise ribs

  • Oxford

    - soft durable plain-woven cotton

  • Paduasoy

    - corded silk

  • Paisley

    - soft wool fabric with ornamental pattern

  • Panne

    - heavy lustrous silk or rayon with waxy feel

  • Paramatta

    - worsted and cotton blend

  • Pashmina

    - fine goat's wool fabric used for making shawls

  • Pekin

    - fine soft silk

  • Pellicule

    - thin diaphanous fabric

  • Percale

    - closely woven lightweight cloth

  • Percaline

    - glossy lightweight cotton

  • Perse

    - dark blue or bluish-grey; cloth of such a colour

  • Piqué

    - stiff durable corded fabric of cotton, rayon or silk

  • Platilla

    - fine white linen

  • Plissé

    - fabric with puckered finish

  • Pongee

    - thin soft fabric woven from raw silk

  • Poodle

    - coarsely looped or nubby fabric

  • Poplin

    - corded woven silk and worsted

  • Prunella

    - strong and heavy silk or wool

  • Rabanna

    - raffia fabric of Madagascar

  • Ramie

    - strong lustrous fabric resembling linen or silk

  • Raploch

    - coarse undyed woollen cloth

  • Raschel

    - light loosely kitted cloth

  • Ratiné

    - rough bulky plain-woven fabric

  • Rep

    - plain-woven fabric with crosswise ribs

  • Reticella

    - old Venetian lace-like fabric

  • Romal

    - handkerchief or headcloth; silk or cotton fabric

  • Rumchunder

    - fine silk

  • Russel

    - ribbed cotton and wool

  • Russet

    - coarse homespun cloth

  • Sagathy

    - light blend of silk and cotton or wool

  • Samite

    - rich and heavy silk, sometimes interwoven with gold or silver

  • Sarsenet

    - fine and soft silk; soft or gentle

  • Satara

    - ribbed lustred wool

  • Sateen

    - glossy cotton or wool

  • Satin

    - closely woven silk with lustrous face

  • Satinet

    - thin silk satin or imitation thereof

  • Saxony

    - fine soft woollen fabric

  • Say

    - delicate woollen fabric

  • Scarlet

    - fine cloth

  • Scrim

    - durable plain-woven cotton fabric

  • Seersucker

    - light puckered cotton or linen fabric

  • Sempiternum

    - durable wool

  • Sendal

    - thin silk or linen

  • Serge

    - strong twilled worsted

  • Shalloon

    - light twilled wool or worsted

  • Shantung

    - plain rough silk or cotton

  • Sharkskin

    - smooth durable wool or worsted fabric

  • Shetland

    - lightweight loosely twisted wool fabric

  • Shoddy

    - woollen fabric made from rags

  • Sicilienne

    - ribbed silk

  • Silesia

    - thin twilled cotton or linen

  • Silkaline

    - soft light cotton fabric resembling silk

  • Sindon

    - fine linen

  • Stammel

    - coarse woollen fabric, usually dyed red; bright red colour

  • Stockinette

    - soft elastic cotton fabric

  • Surah

    - soft twilled silk or rayon

  • Swansdown

    - heavy napped cotton flannel

  • Swanskin

    - soft napped fabric resembling flannel

  • Tabaret

    - striped watered silk and satin fabric

  • Tabby

    - plain-woven silk taffeta fabric

  • Tabinet

    - silk and wool watered fabric

  • Taffeta

    - thin glossy silk

  • Tamin

    - thin glazed worsted

  • Tamis

    - thin wool

  • Tarlatan

    - thin sheer stiff cotton

  • Terry

    - piled fabric consisting of uncut loops

  • Ticking

    - strong linen or cotton fabric used for mattress and pillow cases

  • Tiffany

    - transparent silk-like gauzy fabric

  • Tiretaine

    - wool cloth mixed with cotton or linen

  • Toile

    - plain or simple twilled fabric

  • Tricolette

    - silk or rayon knitted fabric

  • Tricot

    - plain knitted silk or woollen fabric

  • Tricotine

    - double-twilled worsted fabric

  • Tulle

    - sheer and delicate thin silk

  • Tussah

    - brownish silk fabric

  • Tweed

    - rough twilled wool

  • Twill

    - any diagonally woven fabric

  • Velour

    - piled velvety cotton

  • Veloutine

    - velvety corded wool

  • Velvet

    - soft piled fabric of silk, cotton or synthetic material

  • Velvetine

    - cotton with silk pile

  • Vicuna

    - fabric made from wool of the vicuna, a small ruminant

  • Voile

    - soft fine sheer fabric

  • Wadmal

    - thick coarse wool

  • Whipcord

    - fabric with bold twill used for making dresses

  • Wigan

    - stiff plain-woven cotton

  • Wincey

    - plain or twilled cotton

  • Woolsey

    - cotton and wool blend

  • Worcester

    - fine wool

  • Worsted

    - fine closely-woven wool

  • Zanella

    - mixed twilled umbrella fabric

  • Zephyr

    - lightweight wool or worsted fabric; the west wind

  • Zibeline

    - soft piled wool